kiwiguo的部落格

五段論證法

• What is that?
• What is that for?
• What should we care?

新知識

１．James the king first欽定版第一本聖經

２．Hadrin wall哈德良長城(蘇格蘭&英格蘭交界)

３．Noah Websten(維式百科)

４．Ccltic=>Latin=>1006年征服者威廉=>Anglo-Saxon

５．Augustus=>August，was the founder of the Roman Empire and its first Emperor

單字擴充

1.hypothesishypo(under)<=>hyper(above)

2.hypodermic皮下注射

   e.g. He held up a hypodermic to check the dosage.

3.dermotology皮膚學

4.autogamy自體授粉

　e.g. Autogamy Self - fertilization in plants.

5.theremometer溫度計

6.disease=dis(不)+ease(舒服,輕鬆)

　e.g. The conditions are ripe for the spread of disease.

7.prefixes字首

8.suffix字尾(part of speech,只能放字尾,有文法功能)or,er,ist...(teacher,author,artist...)

短片<The History of English in Ten Minutes>

生字筆記

1.activate(v.)make active or more active,make more adsorptive,make (substances) radioactive

   e.g. We must activate the youth to study．

2.skim(a thin layer covering the surface of a liquid)

           (v.) move or pass swiftly and lightly over the surface of,remove from the surface

           (adj.)used of milk and milk products from which the cream has been removed

   e.g. Skim off the fat.

3.legend(N.)a story about mythical or supernatural beings or events,brief description accompanying an illustration

   legendary(adj.)so celebrated as to having taken on the nature of a legend,celebrated in fable or legend

4.classically trained:trained in the tradition of classical European music

   e.g. Peter is a classically trained pianist.

5.specialize(V.)專門從事,專攻become more focus on an area of activity or field of study,be specific about,devote oneself to a special area of work

   e.g. There are restaurants, both humble and expensive, that specialize in them.

 6.lyrics:the words of a song

   e.g. His lyrics are highly literate. He even quotes Voltaire.

 7.domestic

            (N.)傭人a servant who is paid to perform menial tasks around the household

           (adj.)of concern to or concerning the internal affairs of a nation,家庭的of or relating to the home,國內的produced in a particular country

           dometic violence:violence in the home,usually betwen a husband and a wife

   e.g. A special dispensation may be obtained from the domestic union concerned.

 8.blockbuster:風靡一時的事物,大片a very successful movie that make lots of money

   e.g. That new movie is a blockbuster.

 9.hornet大黃蜂,一大堆麻煩

   e.g. His criticisms of the president stirred up a hornet's nest.

10.implication(N.)something that is inferred (deduced or entailed or implied)

   e.g. The implication that marital infidelity enhances a leader's credibility is preposterous.

11.cast:to give someone a part in a movie or play

   e.g. The cast of characters in the scandal is bewilderingly large.

12.celebrity:a widely known person,the state or quality of being widely honored and acclaimed

   e.g. He was more than a footballing superstar, he was a celebrity.

13.Bruce Lee:an actor,martial artist,film director,producer,and screenwriter

   e.g. Look out for Jacky Cheung impersonating Bruce Lee, very funny!

14.reprise:to repeat a performance or role done at a earlier time

   e.g. A ferocious blast ( ff ) starts off the reprise.

15.undeniable:not possible to deny

   e.g. He had undeniable charm.

16.recite:to say something from memory,in front of an audience

   e.g. All he could do was recite a list of Government failings.

17.venture:to risk going somewhere when it could be dangerous to do so

   e.g. When you venture outside, you are in for a surprise.

18.distraction:mental turmoil,an entertainment that provokes pleased interest and distracts you from worries and vexations,the act of distracting

   e.g. A very clingy child can drive a parent to distraction.

19.mediocre:not very good

   e.g. I thought the play was only mediocre.

20.box office reception:the way that the public reacts to a movie,concert,etc

   e.g. The film opened to healthy box office receipts before rapidly falling off.

21.matinee idol:popular film star

   e.g. Rudolph Valentino was the matinee idol of his day.

22.investment company:a company that advises people and bussinesses on how to make money

   e.g. I work as a consultant with an overseas investment company.

23.renovation:the act of improving by renewing and restoring

   e.g. The renovation process and decoration took four months.

24.Accoucheur:a male midwife or doctor

25.addle:confused and unable to think properly

　　ｅ．ｇ．　Eggs addle quickly in hot weather.

今天是期中考,所以只有生字筆記

1.regulation:an authoritative rule,a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

   e.g. The results prove that regulation of the salmon farming industry is inadequate.

2.cut staff:reduce some staff

   e.g. Voluntary redundancies and natural wastage will cut staff numbers to the required level.

3.restructure:construct or form anew or provide with a new structure

   e.g. The President called on educators and politicians to help him restructure American education.

4.affiliate:a subordinate or subsidiary associate; a person who is affiliated with another or with an organization

   e.g. Our New York company has an affiliate in Los Angeles.

5.executive:having the function of carrying out plans or orders etc.;"the executive branch"

   e.g. They may headhunt her for the vacant position of Executive Producer.

6.agenda:a temporally organized plan for matters to be attended to

   e.g. Never before has a summit had such a crowded agenda.

7.procedure:a particular course of action intended to achieve a result

   e.g. Doug stood still while I ran through the handover procedure.

8.submission:something (manuscripts or architectural plans and models or estimates or works of art of all genres etc.) submitted for the judgment of others (as in a competition);the act of submitting; usually surrendering power to another

   e.g. We think an attempt to bully them into submission would be counterproductive.

9.supervision:management by overseeing the performance or operation of a person or group

   e.g. The plan calls for a cease-fire and UN supervision of the country.

10.marginal:at or constituting a border or edge,of questionable or minimal quality

   e.g. This is a marginal improvement on October.

11.undisclosed:not made known

   e.g. The company has been sold for an undisclosed amount.

12.ballroom:large room used mainly for dancing

   e.g. Several hundred people twirl around the ballroom dance floor.

13.expedition:a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country,a journey organized for a particular purpose

   e.g. The expedition was wrecked by bad planning and poor navigation.

14.remote:a device that can be used to control a machine or apparatus from a distance,far distant in space

   e.g. Statistically our chances of being the victims of violent crime are remote.

15.cabin:small room on a ship or boat where people sleep

   e.g. Dan was in his cabin, staring out of a porthole.

16.yacht: an expensive vessel propelled by sail or power and used for cruising or racing 

   e.g. Frank is of the opinion that the 1934 yacht should have won.

17.cruise:drive around aimlessly but ostentatiously and at leisure

   e.g. Don's story unfolded as the cruise got under way.

18.vessel:a tube in which a body fluid circulates,a craft designed for water transportation

   e.g. A fishing vessel and a cargo ship collided in rough seas.

19.therapeutic:tending to cure or restore to health

   e.g. When I was sad, music had a therapeutic effect.

20.contraction:(physiology) a shortening or tensing of a part or organ (especially of a muscle or muscle fiber),the process or result of becoming smaller or pressed together

   e.g. The contraction of muscles uses energy and releases heat.

21.metabolism:the marked and rapid transformation of a larva into an adult that occurs in some animals synonym

   e.g. Basal metabolism is much lower for creatures in cold water.

22.elevate:To elevate something means to increase it in amount or intensity

   e.g. Democracy might elevate the common man to a position of political superiority.

23.proprietor:(law) someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business

   e.g. He was the sole proprietor with total management control.

24.stamina:enduring strength and energy

   e.g. It takes a lot of stamina to run a marathon.

25.reiterate:to say, state, or perform again

   e.g. I want to reiterate that our conventional weapons are superior.

　ＮＥＷ　ＴＨＩＮＧＳ

１．Frailty, thy name is woman

２．Saturday：The Romans named Saturday dies Saturni　later than the 2nd century for the planet Saturn, which controlled the first hour of that day, according to Vettius Valens.

３．Augustus：was the founder of the Roman Empire and its first Emperor

４．Hark the herald angels sing  

５．mor-, mort- ：death, ex. morgue, mortician, mortify

　　e.g.　The skin of his foot are mortifying.

New things:

1.Boxing Day: is a holiday traditionally celebrated the day following Christmas Day, when servants and tradespeople would receive gifts, known as a "Christmas box", from their bosses or employers.Today, Boxing Day is the bank holiday that generally takes place on 26 December.

2.Mass(liturgy):"Mass" is one of the names by which the sacrament of the Eucharist is commonly called in the Catholic Church. The "Holy and Divine Liturgy" and "Holy Communion".The term Mass often colloquially refers to the entire church service in general.

3.Eucharist:also called Holy Communion, the Lord's Supper,is a Christian sacrament. Jesus Christ during his Last Supper. Giving his disciples bread and wine during the Passover meal, Jesus commanded his followers to "do this in memory of me," while referring to the bread as "my body" and the wine as "my blood."

4.Passover or Pesach:is an important biblically derived Jewish festival. The Jewish people celebrate Passover as a commemoration of their liberation over 3,300 years ago by God from slavery in ancient Egypt that was ruled by the Pharaohs, and their freedom as a nation under the leadership of Moses.

5.Moses:according to the Hebrew Bible, a former Egyptian prince later turned prophet, religious leader and lawgiver, to whom the authorship of the Torah is traditionally attributed. Also called Moshe Rabbenu in Hebrew.

6.Promised Land:is the land promised or given by God, according to the Tanakh (the Hebrew Bible), to the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob.The promised land was described in terms of the territory from the River of Egypt to the Euphrates river and was given to their descendants after Moses led the Exodus out of Egypt.

7.Joshua:is a figure in the Torah, being one of the spies for Israel  and identified in several passages as Moses' assistant.he became the leader of the Israelite tribes after the death of Moses. His name was Hoshe'a (the son of Nun), of the tribe of Ephraim.

8.-logy-: a particular science or subject, ex: geology, sociology, psychology

   e.g. We went on a geology field trip.

9.-ship: rank, status, skill, or relationship of the stated type, ex: championship, friendship, partnership

  e.g.  England's European Championship plans are in a right mess.

10.en-:to make into, to put into, ex:enable,enlarge, enroll

   e.g. They enroll him as a member of the club.

11.re-:again,back, down, ex:recall,refresh, reverse

   e.g. The wrong attitude will have exactly the reverse effect.

  生字筆記

1.flunk:failure to reach a minimum required performance

   e.g. He didn't flunk out, but his record isn't so hot.

2.flush:the period of greatest prosperity or productivity;sudden brief sensation of heat (associated with menopause and some mental disorders);the swift release of a store of affective force

   e.g. Do you sweat a lot or flush a lot?

3.foam:a mass of small bubbles formed in or on a liquid;a lightweight material in cellular form; made by introducing gas bubbles during manufacture

   e.g. We had given him a large foam mattress to sleep on.

4.forbid:command against;keep from happening or arising; make impossible

   e.g. They'll forbid you to marry.

5.formula:a group of symbols that make a mathematical statement;directions for making something;a conventionalized statement expressing some fundamental principle;a representation of a substance using symbols for its constituent elements

   e.g. There is no magic formula for producing winning products.

6.fort:a fortified military post where troops are stationed,a fortified defensive structure

   e.g. Take the metalled path running between the church and the fort.

7.fragrance:a distinctive odor that is pleasant;a pleasingly sweet olfactory property

   e.g. This oil has a lovely woody fragrance.

8.frown:a facial expression of dislike or displeasure

   e.g. There was a deep frown on the boy's face.

9.furnish:give something useful or necessary to;provide or equip with furniture

   e.g. Can you furnish the committee with statements of the costs?

10.gangster:a criminal who is a member of gang

   e.g. A bullet meant for Riley snuffs out a passing gangster.

11.gear:a toothed wheel that engages another toothed mechanism in order to change the speed or direction of transmitted motion;a mechanism for transmitting motion for some specific purpose (as the steering gear of a vehicle)

   e.g. With protective gear on you can spar with a partner.

12.generosity:the trait of being willing to give your money or time;acting generously

   e.g. Generosity is its own form of power.

13.genuine:not fake or counterfeit;not pretended; sincerely felt or expressed;being or reflecting the essential or genuine character of something

   e.g. It was not the policy of the government to repatriate genuine refugees.

14.germ:anything that provides inspiration for later work;a small apparently simple structure (as a fertilized egg) from which new tissue can develop into a complete organism

   e.g. This germ is found on things used by the patients.

15.gigantic:so exceedingly large or extensive as to suggest a giant or mammoth

   e.g. He has a gigantic appetite and eats gigantic meals.

16.giggle:a foolish or nervous laugh

   e.g. His hand shot to his mouth to stifle a giggle.

17.ginger:perennial plants having thick branching aromatic rhizomes and leafy reedlike stems

   e.g. Grate a tablespoonful of fresh ginger into a pan.

18.grace:elegance and beauty of movement or expression;a sense of propriety and consideration for others;a disposition to kindness and compassion

   e.g. Grace laid out the knives and forks at the lunch-table.

19.gratitude:a feeling of thankfulness and appreciation

   e.g.  I owe a big debt of gratitude to her.

20.grave:death of a person;a place for the burial of a corpse (especially beneath the ground and marked by a tombstone)

   e.g. Two men were standing by the freshly dug grave.

21.greasy:containing an unusual amount of grease or oil;smeared or soiled with grease or oil

   e.g. He propped his elbows upon a greasy counter.

22.grind:the grade of particle fineness to which a substance is ground;an insignificant student who is ridiculed as being affected or boringly studious

   e.g.  The daily grind of government is done by Her Majesty's Civil Service.

23.gulf:an arm of a sea or ocean partly enclosed by land; larger than a bay

   e.g. These issues were brought into sharp focus by the Gulf crisis.

24.halt:the state of inactivity following an interruption;the event of something ending;an interruption or temporary suspension of progress or movement

   e.g. The elevator creaked to a halt at the ground floor.

25.hardship:a state of misfortune or affliction;something hard to endure;something that causes or entails suffering

   e.g. Many people are suffering economic hardship.

 New things:

1.Bull Markets and Bear Markets:A bull market is a rising market. In a bull market, investors are positive.A bear market is a declining market. It tends to begin with a sharp drop in stock prices across the board. There is usually an eye in the storm, during which stock prices increase. But the storm returns, of course, and the bear market falls and falls and falls.在證券交易中，bear的意思是“賣空者，抛售股票或期貨希望造成價格下跌的人”；bull 的意思是“買進股票等待價格上漲以圖谋利者；哄抬證券價格的人”。

2. Twelve days of Christmas.:is an English Christmas carol that enumerates in the manner of a cumulative song a series of increasingly grand gifts given on each of the twelve days of Christmas.

3.I'll ride with you(BBC-Sydney cafe:Australians say to Muslims:"I'll ride with you.")

http://www.thenewslens.com/post/103483/

4. O Come All Ye Faithful by Chris Tomlin

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-JSF9Uz20PY

5.Hewlett-Packard:Hewlett-Packard Company or HP (styled as 【hp】) is an American multinational information technology corporation headquartered in Palo Alto, California, United States. It provides hardware, software and services to consumers, small- and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) and large enterprises, including customers in the government, health and education sectors.

6.Post-it note(or sticky note): is a small piece of paper with a re-adherable strip of glue on its back, made for temporarily attaching notes to documents and other surfaces. A unique low-tack pressure-sensitive adhesive allows the notes to be easily attached, removed, and even re-posted elsewhere without leaving residue.

7.Scotch Tape:is a brand name used for certain pressure-sensitive tapes manufactured by 3M as part of the company's Scotch brand

8.A Room with a View:is a 1908 novel by English writer E. M. Forster, about a young woman in the repressed culture of Edwardian era England. Set in Italy and England, the story is both a romance and a critique of English society at the beginning of the 20th century. Merchant-Ivory produced an award-winning film adaptation in 1985.

 生字筆記

1.cumulative:increasing by successive addition

   e.g. The benefits are cumulative.

2.bene-:stands for good, ex.beneficial

   e.g. The beneficial effects of a temperate climate

3.multinational:involving or operating in several nations or nationalities

   e.g. The US troops would be part of a multinational force.

4.abstract:a concept or idea not associated with any specific instance;a sketchy summary of the main points of an argument or theory

   e.g.  His painting went through both representational and abstract periods.

5.threshold:the starting point for a new state or experience;the entrance (the space in a wall) through which you enter or leave a room or building; the space that a door can close;the sill of a door; a horizontal piece of wood or stone that forms the bottom of a doorway and offers support when passing through a doorway

   e.g. The consensus has clearly shifted in favour of raising the nuclear threshold.

6.throne:the chair of state for a monarch, bishop;the position and power of an exalted person (a sovereign or bishop) who is entitled to sit in a chair of state on ceremonial occasions

   e.g. Edward VIII had done the unthinkable and abdicated the throne.

7.throng:a large gathering of people

   e.g. An official pushed through the throng.

8.thrust:the force used in pushing;a strong blow with a knife or other sharp pointed instrument;the act of applying force to propel something

   e.g. He reached the garden gate and thrust his way through it.

9.tile:a flat thin rectangular slab (as of fired clay or rubber or linoleum) used to cover surfaces

   e.g. Vinyl can be laid in sheet or tile form.

10.tilt:a combat between two mounted knights tilting against each other with blunted lances;a slight but noticeable partiality

   e.g. He continued to urge the Conservative Party to tilt rightwards.

11.tin:a silvery malleable metallic element that resists corrosion; used in many alloys and to coat other metals to prevent corrosion; obtained chiefly from cassiterite where it occurs as tin oxide

   e.g. The tea was sweetened with a hoarded tin of condensed milk.

12.toad:any of various tailless stout-bodied amphibians with long hind limbs for leaping; semiaquatic and terrestrial species

   e.g. He grabbed into the ooze and came up clutching a large toad.

13.toil:productive work (especially physical work done for wages)

   e.g. The wealth comes from the toil of the masses.

14.torch:a light usually carried in the hand; consists of some flammable substance

   e.g. I was perished. No jacket, no torch, wet through, exhausted.

15.torment:unbearable physical pain;extreme mental distress

   e.g. Outdoors, mosquitoes and midges were a perpetual torment.

16.torrent:a heavy rain;a violently fast stream of water (or other liquid);an overwhelming number or amount

   e.g. They were jostled and subjected to a torrent of verbal abuse.

17.torture:extreme mental distress

   e.g. The friction of the sheets against his skin was torture.

18.toxic:of or relating to or caused by a toxin or poison

   e.g. Nuclear weapons plants across the country are heavily contaminated with toxic wastes.

19.traitor:someone who betrays his country by committing treason

   e.g. They called him a traitor to his Afrikaner people.

20.tramp:a disreputable vagrant;a person who engages freely in promiscuous sex;a heavy footfall

   e.g. The tramp produced a stump of candle from his deep pockets.

21.trample:the sound of heavy treading or stomping

   e.g. Please don't trample on the azaleas.

22.transparent:transmitting light; able to be seen through with clarity

   e.g. We are now striving hard to establish a transparent parliamentary democracy.

23.treasury:the funds of a government or institution or individual;the government department responsible for collecting and managing and spending public revenues

   e.g. The Treasury has long been predicting an upturn in consumer spending.

24.trench:a ditch dug as a fortification having a parapet of the excavated earth;a long steep-sided depression in the ocean floor

   e.g. They recaptured their trench.

25.tribute:something given or done as an expression of esteem;payment by one nation for protection by another

   e.g. The song is a tribute to Roy Orbison.

NEW THINGS

1.stanza:In poetry, a stanza is a grouped set of lines within a poem.Stanzas can have regular rhyme and metrical schemes, though stanzas are not strictly required to have either.

2.Anna Karina:is a Danish-French citizen, film actress, director, and screenwriter who has spent most of her working life in France. She is known as a muse of the director Jean-Luc Godard, one of the pioneers of the French New Wave.

“All happy families are alike; each unhappy family is unhappy in its own way.”

3.Idiom: is a combination of words in common use, that have a figurative meaning, and sometimes a literal meaning. An idiom's figurative meaning is separate from the literal meaning.

4.conscience:motivation deriving logically from ethical or moral principles that govern a person's thoughts and actions;conformity to one's own sense of right conduct

   have heart=have conscience

   e.g. The Daily Mail has the headline "The Voice of Conscience"

5.conscious:knowing and perceiving; having awareness of surroundings and sensations and thoughts,Is he/she conscious?

   e.g. I felt so self-conscious under Luke's mother's intense gaze.

6.incompetent:not have enough ability

   e.g. He has been scathing in his denunciation of corrupt and incompetent politicians.

7.plot

8.herbivorous:feeding only on plants

   e.g. Cattle are herbivorous animals.

9.omnivorous:feeding on both plants and animals雜食性(omni=>all,ex.omnipotent,omnicisous)

   e.g. Brown bears are omnivorous, eating anything that they can get their paws on.

10.solitaire in the US, is a genre of tabletop games, consisting of card games that can be played by a single player. Patience games can also be played in a multiplayer fashion.

   e.g.  I am divided from mankind, a solitaire, one banish'd from humane society.

11.make allowance for...允許...

   e.g. We should make allowance for the wishes of others.

12.e-:out,ex.escape

   e.g.  No detail was too small to escape her attention.

13.Sibling:A sibling is one of two or more individuals having one or both parents in common. A female sibling is a sister and a male sibling is a brother.

   e.g. Sibling rivalry often causes parents anxieties.

14.the one who has nothing wins

   e.g. You are the one who has charge of these task forces.

生字筆記

1.leg of the game:part of the game

   e.g. Family values are suddenly the name of the game.

2.drumstick:the name we give to the leg of a chicken or other bird when we eat it

   e.g. She offered Molly tidbits: a chicken drumstick, some cheese.

3.entourage:a group of people who travel with an important person

   e.g. He was accompanied by an entourage of a dozen police officers.

4.opponent:a contestant that you are matched against;someone who offers opposition

   e.g. Young and old saw in him an implacable opponent of apartheid.

5.detach:cause to become detached or separated; take off(ex.detach the skin from the chicken before you eat it);separate (a small unit) from a larger, especially for a special assignment(ex.The government detach a regiment.);come to be detached(ex.His retina detached and he had to be rushed into surgery)

   e.g. It helps them detach themselves from their problems and become more objective.

6.competitive:involving competition or competitiveness(ex.To improve one's competitive position is important);subscribing to capitalistic competition);showing a fighting disposition(ex.Highly competitive sales representative.)

   e.g. The betting is that the experience will make Japan more competitive still.

7.supportive:furnishing support or assistance(ex.His family was supportive of his attempts to be a writer.)

   e.g. He thinks we are living in a fully integrated, supportive society.

8.foe:an armed adversary (especially a member of an opposing military force),(ex.A soldier must be prepared to kill his foes);a personal enemy(ex.They had been political foes for years)

   e.g. He knew that Karl could be an implacable foe.

9.malice:feeling a need to see others suffer;the quality of threatening evil

   e.g. He was actuated entirely by malice.

10.impotent:lacking power or ability(ex.Technology without morality is barbarous; morality without technology is impotent.);(of a male) unable to copulate

   e.g. The aggression of a bully leaves people feeling hurt, angry and impotent

11.parrot:usually brightly colored zygodactyl tropical birds with short hooked beaks and the ability to mimic sounds;a copycat who does not understand the words or acts being imitated

   e.g. Generations of students have learnt to parrot the standard explanations.

12.interpretation:a mental representation of the meaning or significance of something;the act of interpreting something as expressed in an artistic performance(ex.Her rendition of Milton's verse was extraordinarily moving.);an explanation that results from interpreting something(ex.The report included his interpretation of the forensic evidence.);an explanation of something that is not immediately obvious(ex.The edict was subject to many interpretations.)

   e.g. The opposition Conservative Party put a different interpretation on the figures.

13.significant:very important

   e.g. Davis was one of the most significant musicians of the last century.

14.engulf:to swallow up or overwhelm by or as if by overflowing and enclosing

   e.g. The spring tide engulfed the beach houses.

15.elemental:powerful and basic, especially because of being connected with the forces of nature

   e.g. the elemental presence of the landscape

16.subscribe:to promise to pay or contribute money

   e.g. He subscribed a large sum to the relief fund.

17.profound:used about very strong feelings, especially negative ones

   e.g. Most of the divorced parents we interviewed said they had experienced guilt and a profound sense of failure.

18.rowdy:noisy and causing trouble

   e.g. a gang of rowdy kids

19.generosity:the quality or fact of being generous

   e.g. Asidewalk beggar who benefited from the generosity of kindhearted passersby.

20.tactful:having or showing tact

   e.g. He gave a tactful critique of her story.

21.censure :a judgment involving condemnation

   e.g. The country faces international censure for its alleged involvement in the assassination.

22.pension:a fixed sum paid regularly to a person

   e.g. Her pension arrives in the mail every month.

23.stout:strong of character

   e.g. He has a stout heart.

24.sermon:a religious discourse delivered in public usually by a clergyman as a part of a worship service

   e.g. He preached a sermon on the importance of kindness.

25.torrent:umultuous outpouring

   e.g. The storm turned the stream into a raging torrent.

 New knowledge:

1.SOP: sequence of process流程

2.Catholicism:It is to be distinguished from the sense in which it denotes Christians and churches, western and eastern, that are in full communion with the Holy See, and that are commonly called the Catholic Church or Roman Catholic Church.

3.Protestantism:is the form of Christian faith and practice which originated with the Protestant Reformation,a movement against what the Protestants considered to be errors in the Roman Catholic Church.It is one of the major divisions of Christendom, together with Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy.

4.WASP:白人盎格魯-撒克遜新教徒（White Anglo-Saxon Protestant，WASP）指美國當權的精英群體及其文化、習俗和道德行為標準，現在可以泛指信奉新教的歐裔美國人。此群體擁有龐大的經濟、政治勢力，構成美國上流社會和中上階層的絕大部分。儘管美國社會日益多元化，但他們的文化、道德觀和價值取向仍在很大程度上影響著美國的發展。

5.美國聖公會（The Episcopal Church):自稱是「遵循大公教會傳統的新教派別」

6.Success is counted sweetest--by Emily Dickinson

7.nectar瓊漿玉液

   e.g. Bees gather nectar from flowers.

8.Josh Groban--What Child is This

What child is this, who, laid to rest,
On Mary's lap is sleeping?
Whom angels greet with anthems sweet,
While shepherds watch are keeping?
This, this is Christ the King,
Whom shepherds guard and angels sing:
Haste, haste to bring Him laud,
The babe, the son of Mary.

Why lies He in such mean estate,
Where ox and ass are feeding?
Good Christians, fear, for sinners here
The silent Word is pleading.
Nails, spear shall pierce Him through,
the cross be borne for me, for you.
Hail, hail the Word made flesh,
the Babe, the Son of Mary.

So bring him incense, gold, and myrrh,
Come, peasant, king, to own him.
The King of kings salvation brings,
Let loving hearts enthrone him.
Raise, raise a song on high,
The virgin sings her lullaby
Joy, joy for Christ is born,
The babe, the Son of Mary.

This, this is Christ the King,
Whom shepherds guard and angels sing:
Haste, haste to bring Him laud,
The babe, the son of Mary.

9.pro-:approving, ex.professional

   e.g. He plays the flute like a professional.

10.-ist:a person who practices in a special field, pianist

   e.g. The pianist accompanied her singing.

11.ad-往前走一步step forward,(ex. advent,adventage

   e.g. Swallows come by groups at the advent of spring.

12.en-:to make into, to put into, (ex.encrypt, enmesh

   e.g. They are best used to encrypt files on a hard disk.

13.bene-:good, well, (ex. beneficial

   e.g. It can be beneficial to share your feelings with someone you trust.

14.soci-:to join, ex. society

   e.g. Drugs are a scourge that is devastating our society.

 生字筆記

1.encrypt:convert ordinary language into code

   e.g. They are best used to encrypt files on a hard disk.

2.enmesh:entangle or catch in (or as if in) a mesh

3.haggler:is someone who travels from place to place selling small goods and items

   e.g. She is very good haggler and I am impressed.

4.halter:is a rope or strap used to lead an animal or to tie it up 

   e.g. She was dressed in a halter top and shorts.

5.hamlet:is a small village or a group of houses in the countryside

   e.g. Hamlet is one of Shakespeare's best known tragedies.

6.hand-barrow:a device for carrying heavy objects.It is like a wheelbarrow except that it has handles,rather than wheels, for moving the barrow

   e.g. Vexingly, the wrong one gets the upper hand.

7. headhandspike:a stick which was used as a lever

8.haply:means by chance or perhaps

   e.g. Haply I think on thee, and then my state.

9.harem:the harem was the part of the house where the women lived

   e.g. The sultan's wives and concubines live in the harem.

10.hautboys:hautboys are oboes

11.hawker:a hawker is someone who sells goods to people as he travels rather than from a fixed place like a ship

   e.g.  A hawker of small wares , as on the streets or at a carnival.

12.hawser:is a rope used to tie up or tow a ship or boat

   e.g. The fingers were pinched under a hawser.

13.headstall:is the part of the bridle or halter that goes around a horse's head

   e.g. Use a bridle with a headstall that fits over the horse's head.

14.hearken:means to listen

   e.g. Howbeit they did not hearken, but they did after their former manner.

15.heartless:means without heart or dejected

   e.g. It was a heartless thing to do.

16.hebdomadal:means weekly

17.highwaymen:were people who stopped travellers and robbed them

   e.g. A band of highwaymen had defeated your army in Syria.

18.hinds:means farm hands,or people who work on a farm

   e.g. He maketh my feet like hinds'feet, and setteth me upon my high places.

19.histrionic:if you refer to someone's behaviour as histrionic,you are being critical of it because it is dramatic and exaggerated

   e.g. She had never forgotten her one histrionic achievement in Chicago.

20.hogs:is another word for pigs

   e.g. We picked the corn by hand and we fed it to the hogs and the cows.

21.horrors:the horrors are a fit,called delirium tremens,which is caused by drinking too much alcohol

   e.g. The horrors he experienced are imprinted, perhaps indelibly, in his brain.

22.huffy:means to be obviously annoyed or offended about something

   e.g. I, in my turn, became embarrassed and huffy and told her to take the money back.

23.hulks:were prison-ships

   e.g. Unemployment has soared as the hulks of fishing boats rust away on the salt - encrusted seabed.

24.humbug:means nonsense or rubbish

   e.g. There was all the usual humbug and obligatory compliments from ministers.

25.humours:it was believed that there were four fluids in the body called humours which decided the temperament of a person depending on how much of each fluid was present

   e.g. She knew too much of the obstinacy of men to oppose any of their ridiculous humours.

   new knowledges

1.boarding school寄宿學校

   e.g. She sent her son to a boarding school in the East.

2.聖經-女人使用手冊:go,keep him accompany, and make him happy

3.River Styx冥河

4.Myrtle=>Aphrodite的最愛

   e.g. Myrtle sat huddled on the side of the bed, weeping.

5.you broke my nose

6.have affair有婚外情=>Myrtle:"You can't live forever."

   e.g. But why we can hear the rumor that you have affair with personal Assistant?

7.carpe diem及時行樂

   e.g. Carpe diem. Seize the day, boys. Make your lives extraordinary.

8.四種文章類型:Exposition,arguementation,description,narratation

  new words

1.notorious:known widely and usually unfavorably

   e.g. The accident happened on a notorious black spot on the A43.

2.console:a small table fixed to a wall or designed to stand against a wall;a scientific instrument consisting of displays and an input device that an operator can use to monitor and control a system;an ornamental scroll-shaped bracket (especially one used to support a wall fixture);housing for electronic instruments, as radio or television

   e.g.  I can console myself with the fact that I'm not alone.

3.allusion:passing reference or indirect mention

   e.g.  The title is per-haps an allusion to AIDS.

4.mythological:based on or told of in traditional stories; lacking factual basis or historical validity

   e.g. He is remembered for his historical and mythological works.

5.mistress:an adulterous woman; a woman who has an ongoing extramarital sexual relationship with a man;a woman schoolteacher (especially one regarded as strict);a woman master who directs the work of others

   e.g. She had always been mistress of her own destiny.

6.extravagant:unrestrained, especially with regard to feelings; "extravagant praise"; "exuberant compliments"; "overweening ambition"; "overweening greed";recklessly wasteful; "prodigal in their expenditures")

   e.g. I can have a brainstorm and be very extravagant.

7.serene:not agitated; without losing self-possession;completely clear and fine

   e.g. He has entered the serene autumn of his life.

8.culinary:of or relating to or used in cooking

   e.g. You'll be amazed at the culinary creations possible in a Dutch oven.

9.galoot:a sailor but also a clumsy person

10.gayset:means the most lively and bright or merry

11.gem:here gem means jewellery

   e.g. Miss Famous, as she was called, was a gem.

12.giddy:means dizzy

   e.g. Being there gave me a giddy pleasure.

13.gig:a light two-wheeled carriage

   e.g. I am organising a benefit gig in Bristol to raise these funds.

14.gladsome:is an old word meaning glad or happy

   e.g.  Whosoever enters through the portals of this home must go out with gladsome heart.

15.glen:a glen is a small valley; the word is used commonly in Scotland

   e.g. Perhaps it was that very oddness that attracted me to Glen's music.

16.gravelled:is an old term which means to baffle or defeat someone

   e.g. We gravelled the driveway.

17.grinder:a grinder was a private tutor

   e.g. The chef used an electric grinder in the kitchen.

18.gruel:is a thin,watery cornmeal or oatmeal soup

   e.g. We had gruel for the breakfast.

19.guinea,half a:a half guinea was ten shillings and sixpence

   e.g. The pheasant is a close relative of the Guinea hen.

20.gull:is an old term which means to fool or deceive someone

   e.g. Several other sub-species of gull are found in the region.

21.gunnel:the gunnel,or gunwhale,is the upper edge of a boat's side

   e.g. Any of various similar or related fishes, such as the moonfish and gunnel.

22.gunwale:the side of a ship

   e.g. Before him the gunwale of a boat, sunk in sand.

23.Gytrash:is an omen of misfortune to the superstitious,usually taking the form of a hound.

24.hackney-cabriolet:a two-wheeled carriage with four seats for hire and pulled by a horse

   e.g. Hackney has only just had schools returned to its control.

25.hackney-coach:a four-wheeled horse-drawn vehicle for hire

   e.g. A hackney - coach was called , and the father and daughter departed in it.

The Great Gatsby影片欣賞

1.green light stands for hope on Gatsby's dream and love

2.Myrtle:"You can't live forever"(carpe diem)

3.Nick:"You can't repeat the past."

   Gatsby:"Surely you can."

4.

生字筆記

1.feigned:pretend or pretending

   e.g. Sally spun round, a feigned look of surprise on her face.

2.fence:a fence is someone who receives and sells stolen goods

   e.g. He squeezed through a narrow opening in the fence.

3.fess:an old word which means pleased or proud

   e.g. Sometimes I have an irresistible urge to fess up about my feelings.

4.fettered:bound in chains or chained

   e.g. We reverence tradition but will not be fettered by it.

5.fidges:fidges means fidgets, which is to keep moving your hands slightly because you are nervous or excited

6.finger-post:a sign-post showing the direction to different places

   e.g. It's as if post-modernism or punk never happened.

7.fire-irons:tools kept by the side of the fire to either cook with or look after the fire

   e.g. The floor was spotless; the grate and fire - irons were burnished bright.

8.fire-plug:another word for a fire hydrant

   e.g.  Al - feng plug right foot volley turned around the edge of the area above the fire beams.

9.flank:the side of an animal

   e.g. Bookcases flank the bed.

10.flip:a drink made from warmed ale, sugar, spice and beaten egg

   e.g. The tone of the book is sometimes too flip.

11.flit:to move quickly

   e.g He's prone to flit between subjects with amazing ease.

12.floorcloth:a hard-wearing piece of canvas used instead of carpet

13.fly-driver:a carriage drawn by a single horse

   e.g. Driver: And then you'll fly home?

14.fob:a small pocket in which a watch is kept

   e.g. She tried to fob all her junk off onto me.

15.folly:foolishness or stupidity

   e.g. Events proved the folly of such calculations.

16.fond:foolish

   e.g. He seemed fond of her in a strictly professional way.

17.fondness:silly or foolish affection

   e.g. The groups at the conference spoke piously of their fondness for democracy.

18.for his fancy:means for his liking or as he wanted

   e.g. Bill neglects his wife and spends all his spare money on presents for his fancy woman.

19.forlorn:lost or very upset

   e.g. He looked a forlorn figure as he limped off after 26 minutes.

20.foster-sister:someone brought up by the same nurse or in the same household

   e.g. Your sister was sent to a home and you to a foster family.

21.fox-fire:a weak glow that is given off by decaying, rotten wood

22.frozen sea:the Arctic Ocean

   e.g. Frozen sea food can be useful substitutes for fresh foods.

23.gainsay:to gainsay something is to say it isn't ture or to deny it

   e.g. Nobody can gainsay his claims.

24.gaiters:leggings made of a cloth or piece of leather which covered the leg from the knee to the ankle

   e.g. He is the queer old duck with the knee - length gaiters and walrus mustache.

25.galluses:an old spelling of gallows, and here means suspenders.Suspenders are straps worn over someone's shoulders and fastened to their trousers to prevent the trousers falling down

1.確切時間點=>簡單式(ex.about six years ago

2.capable,ba capable of,capacity才能

   e.g. I believe I am capable of calculating the political consequences accurately.

3.enter a race參加比賽

4.lungs(恆複數),lung cancer肺癌

   e.g. The lungs are in fact constructed of thousands of tiny tubes.

5.one of the+名詞(複數)

6.It doesn't matter/I don't mind it=>我不在意

   e.g. It doesn't matter if you win or lose.

7.farther(非抽象)更遠

   e.g. Both of my sisters moved even farther away from home.

8.further(抽象)更遠

   e.g. The room was quiet; no one volunteered any further information.

9.Youth is not a time of life, it's a state of mind

10.turgid腫脹=swollen,bombasticin style

   e.g. The rest of the arts scene looks increasingly turgid by comparison.

11.

• I'm interested in interesting music.
• I was shocked for something very shocking
• I felt embarrassed for something very embarrassing
• I'm bored with something very boring

 生字筆記

1.determined:means ended

   e.g. Jane is determined to stake her claim as an actress.

2.Deuce:a slang term for the Devil

   e.g. What the deuce is that?

3.diabolical:devilish or evil

   e.g. It was a diabolical error, a schoolboy error.

4.direction:address

   e.g. The direction of the prevailing winds should be taken into account.

5.dissemble:hide or conceal

   e.g. I tried to dissemble an interest I didn't feel.

6.dissolve:to release from life

   e.g. Substances such as ammonia give out heat when they dissolve.

7.distrain:to distrain is to seize the property of someone who is in debt in compensation for the money owed

   e.g. If he doesn't pay, will the court distrain upon him?

8.Divan:a Divan was originally a Turkish council of state-the name was transferred to the couches they sat on and is used to mean this in English

   e.g. Lord Henry stretched himself out on the divan and laughed.

9.divorcement:separation

   e.g. And they said, Moses suffered to write a bill of divorcement, and to put her away.

10.dog in the manger:this phrase describes someone who prevents you from enjoying something that they themselves have no need for

   e.g. No child wants to play with a dog in the manger.

11.dolorifuge:a word which Thomas Hardy invented.It means pain-killer or comfort

12.dome:building

   e.g. The builders have perched a light concrete dome on eight slender columns.

13.domestic:here domestic means a person's management of the house

   e.g. And what of the effect on U.S domestic opinion?

14.dunce:is another word of idiot

   e.g. He used to be a dunce at school.

15.Ecod:a slang exclamation meaning 'Oh,God!" 

16.egg-hot:an egg-hot(see also 'flip' and 'negus') was a hot drink made from beer and eggs, sweetened with nutmeg

   e.g.  Bacon and an egg with a cup of hot milk , please.

17.encores:a short extra performance at the end of a longer one, which the entertainter gives because the audience has enthusiastically asked for it

   e.g. They performed another two songs as encores.

18.equipage:an elegant and impressive carriage

   e.g. His purse, which was very dry at that moment , did not permit him any other equipage.

19.exordium:is the opening part of a speech

   e.g. This exordium, and Miss Pross's two hands in quite agonised entreaty clasping his, decided Mr. Cruncher.

20.expect:here expect means to wait for

   e.g. Don't expect me to come and visit you there.

21.familiars:spirits or devils who come to someone when they are called

   e.g. We are familiars of the Chinese Embassy.

22.fantods:a person who fidgets or can't stop moving nervously

23.farthing:an old unit of British currency which was worth a quarter of a penny

   e.g. Farthing Lane's just above the High Street and parallel with it.

24.farthingale:a hoop worn under a skirt to extend it

   e.g. Margaret pinned up her kirtle and farthingale, for the road was wet.

25.favours:here favours is an old word which means ribbons

   e.g. In her extreme youth, Maria had sold her sexual favours for money.

New knowledge

1.slogan:a kind of believe to encourage customers to buy the product.

   e.g. They could campaign on the slogan "We'll take less of your money".

2.fetch a cab/grab a cab叫計程車

   e.g. Shall we walk or take a cab?

3.blend:混为一體,调和

   e.g. Blend the butter with the sugar and beat until light and creamy.

4.resource[rɪˈsɔːrs]

   e.g. A country's principal resource is its brainpower.

5.cc=carbon copy副本

6.flip classroom翻轉教室

7.obligation責任,義務;oblige=強迫.迫使(be obliged to)

   e.g. They felt under no obligation to maintain their employees.

8.primate(pri字首:主要.首要的)

   e.g. The woolly spider monkey is the largest primate in the Americas.

9.accommodate=適合,接納,容納

   e.g. There is usually room to accommodate up to 80 visitors.

10.That's all for my part and I'll leave the rest to my partner.

生字筆記

1.widow寡婦=a woman whose husband is dead especially one who has not remarried

   e.g. She's a widow now.

2.claustrophobic=uncomfortably closed or hemmed in; "a claustrophobic little room",suffering from claustrophobia; abnormally afraid of closed-in places

3. catch up on趕上

   e.g. You ought to lie in tomorrow and catch up on your sleep.

4.distraction=an obstacle to attention,the act of distracting; drawing someone's attention away from something

   e.g. Driven to distraction, he murdered the woman who jilted him.

5.implication=an accusation that brings into intimate and usually incriminating connection,a relation implicated by virtue of involvement or close connection (especially an incriminating involvement

   e.g. The implication that marital infidelity enhances a leader's credibility is preposterous.

6.miss the boat錯失良機

   e.g. I'll invest in that company I don't want to miss the boat.

7.undeniable=not possible to deny

   e.g. It is undeniable that the economic picture is brightening.

8.specialize=become more focus on an area of activity or field of study,be specific about,devote oneself to a special area of work,evolve so as to lead to a new species or develop in a way most suited to the environment

   e.g. There are restaurants, both humble and expensive, that specialize in them.

9.domestic=a servant who is paid to perform menial tasks around the household,of concern to or concerning the internal affairs of a nation,produced in a particular country

   e.g. A special dispensation may be obtained from the domestic union concerned.

10.reprise=repeat an earlier theme of a composition

   e.g. The second, another miracle, was the reprise Arellano.

11.recite=repeat aloud from memory,render verbally

   e.g. Each child had to recite a poem to the class.

12.mediocre=平凡的moderate to inferior in quality,lacking exceptional quality or ability,poor to middling in quality

   e.g. I thought the play was only mediocre.

13.reception=the manner in which something is greeted,a formal party of people,quality or fidelity of a received broadcast

   e.g.  He recently did the catering for a presidential reception.

14.contemporary=a person of nearly the same age as another,characteristic of the present,belonging to the present time

   e.g. Contemporary African cinema has much to offer in its vitality and freshness.

15.crooked sixpence=it was considered unlucky to have a bent sixpence

16.croquet=a traditional English summer game in which players try to hit wooden balls through hoops

   e.g. You can engage in croquet on the south lawn.

17.cross=across

   e.g. If you ever cross him, forget it, you're finished.

18.culpable=if you are culpable for something it means you are to blame

   e.g. The judge found the man culpable.

19.cultured=cultivated

   e.g. His behavior was suggestive of a cultured man

20.cupidity=greed

21.curricle=an open two-wheeled carriage with one seat for the driver and space for a single passenger

22.cynosure=something that strongly attracts attention or admiration

   e.g. Let faith be your cynosure to walk by.

23.dalliance=someone's dalliance with something is a brief involvement with it

   e.g. It turned out to be his last dalliance with the education system.

24.darkling=an archaic way of saying in the dark

   e.g. He reeled and recovered , the darkling abyss below beckoning to him, inviting his fall.

25.delf-case=a sideboard for holding dishes and crockery

 1.oral present

      2.se字首=>apart from, ex: separate

   e.g. A young man of his years needed to have a separate room.

      3.analogy類比，相似

   e.g. The teacher drew an analogy between the human heart and a pump.

      4.de字首=>down or away from(ex.descend下降.deduct扣除.declime)

   e.g. If you will just sign here, we will arrange for your bank to deduct your payments automatically.

      5.綜合教學大樓=comprehansive university

      6.neurological神經的,neurologist神經學家

   e.g. There are also serious neurological complications.

      7.synethesia

      8.That's all for my part and I'll leave the rest for my partner

      9.Etymology詞源學

   e.g. The historical origin and development of a word; an etymology.

生字筆記

     1.collared=to collar something is a slang term which means to capture

   e.g. He collared the thief after a chase.

     2.colling=an old word which means to embrace and kiss

   e.g. Colling, who is home-schooled, described how she came up with her design.

     3.colloquies=colloquy is a formal conversation or dialogue

   e.g. In such colloquies the mother and the child passed a great deal of their time together.

     4.comfit=sugar-covered pieces of fruit or nut eaten as sweets

   e.g. The next thing for them to do is to eat the comfit.

     5.coming out=when a girl came out in society it meant she was of marriageable age.In order to 'come out' girls were expecting to attend balls or other parties during a season

   e.g. When is it coming out in paperback ?

     6.commit=arrest or stop

   e.g.  He should not commit American troops without the full consent of Congress.

     7.commodious=convenient

   e.g. It is a commodious house.

     8.commons=an old term meaning food shared with others

   e.g. Major's reply came as a complete surprise to the House of Commons.

     9.complacency=a desire to please others.Today complacency means feeling pleased with oneself without good reason

   e.g.  She warned that there was no room for complacency on inflation.

    10.complaisance=eagerness to please

   e.g. She speaks with complaisance.

    11.complaisant=polite

   e.g. She was an old - fashioned wife, entirely complaisant to her husband's will.

    12.conning=learning by heart

   e.g. He climbed into the conning tower, his eyes haunted and sickly bright.

    13.consequent=consequence

   e.g. Overproduction and consequent low market prices for wine caused economic tremors.

    14.consorts=concerts

   e.g. If he consorts with persons unsuitable to him, his bishop will interfere.

    15.conversible=easy to talk to,companionable

    16. copper=a large pot that can be heated directly over a fire

   e.g. The combination of sex and treachery proved a copper-bottomed circulation booster.

    17.copper-stick=the long piece of wood used to stir washing in the copper(or boiler) which was usually the biggest cooking pot in the house

    18.counting-house=a place where accountants work

   e.g. He guarded prey to the counting - house.

    19.courtier=someone who attends the king or queen-a member of the court

   e.g. The courtier obeyed the king's orders in a complaisant manner.

    20.covies=flocks of partridges

    21.cowed=frightened or intimidated

   e.g. He cowed them with his hard eyes like a tamer among beasts.

    22.conzened=tricked or deceived

       23.cravats=a folded cloth that a man wears wrapped around his neck as a decorative item of clothing 

   e.g.  One of your stiff-starched apoplectic cravats.

    24.crock and dirt=an old expression meaning soot and dirt

    25.crockery=pottery

   e.g. We had no fridge, cooker, cutlery or crockery.

 New thing

1.summary=in short

   e.g. What follows is a brief summary of the process.

2.Choosing to be different (isolated)

3.戰地鐘聲

4.leisureville

5.carefree=without cares

   e.g. She had made their childhood so joyous and carefree.

6.child-free=without children

   e.g.  Being child - free is a decision I have never regretted.

7.pleasantville奠定

   e.g. That led to a substantial role in the movie Pleasantville.

8.Brave New World美麗新世界

   e.g. The Robotic Economy —— Brave New World or a Return to Slavery?

9.Nineteen Eighty-Four 1984 反烏托邦

10.No man is an island

No Man Is An Island ——John Donn

No man is an island,
entire of itself;
every man is a piece of the continent,
a part of the main;

if a clod be washed away by the sea,
Europe is the less,
as well as if a promontory were,
as well as if a manor of thy friend’s or of thine own were:

any man’s death diminishes me,
because I am involved in mankind,
and therefore,
never send to know for whom the bell tolls;
it tolls for thee.

   生字筆記

     1.clod(v.)凝結,阻塞

   e.g. A clod of silt can easily be crumbled in the fingers.

     2.claustrophobic幽閉恐懼症

   e.g. They lived in an unhealthily claustrophobic atmosphere.

     3.set...apart from分開

   e.g. The chair was set apart from the others for the special guest.

     4.urban homesteaders都市自耕農(佔有宅地的人。分得土地的定居移民。

     5.altitude海拔高度

   e.g. The plane flew at an altitude of 20, 000 feet.

     6.infer推斷

   e.g. People usually infer an unknown fact from a known fact.

     7.ironical冷嘲的，反語的；諷刺的。令人啼笑皆非的。

   e.g. It's ironical that the weakest student in mathematics was elected class treasurer

     8.allegorical寓言的

   e.g. Yet they are also meant to be allegorical, to stand for something.

     9.totalitarian極權主義

   e.g. The principle of hierarchy does not equate to totalitarian terror.

    10.Utopias烏托邦<=>dystopia反烏托邦

   e.g. All Utopias that have hitherto been constructed are intolerably dull.

    11.chines=chine isa cut of meat that includes part or all of the backbone of the animal

   e.g. Fifthly, the textbooks with the Chines characteristics of technological economics are becoming less and less.

    12.chits=a slang wordwhich means girls

   e.g. I hate affected , niminy - piminy chits!

    13.chopped=means come suddenly or accidentally

   e.g. Don't ask me why they have chopped and changed so much.

    14.chute=a narrow channel

   e.g. You can release the chute with either hand, but it is easier to do it with the left.

    15.circumspection=careful observation of events and circumstances

   e.g. The quality of being circumspection is essential for a secretary.

    16.clambered=to climb somewhere with difficulty,usually using your hands and your feet

   e.g. They clambered up the stone walls of a steeply terraced olive grove.

    17.clime=climate

   e.g.  Plants from a cold clime travel best in winter.

    18.clinched=clenched

   e.g. Hibernian clinched the First Division title when they beat Hamilton 2-0.

    19.close chair=a sedan chair,which is an covered chair which has room for one person.The sedan chair is carried on two poles by two men,one in front and one behind

   e.g. Old Grannis had drawn his chair close to the wall.

    20.clown=peasant or person who lives off the land

   e.g. He was laughing, the clown of the twosome.

    21.coalheaver=loaded coal onto ships using a spade

    22.coal-whippers=men who worked at docks using machines to load coal onto ships

    23.cobweb=the net which a spider makes for catching insects

   e.g. The fabric, cut on the bias, hangs as light as a cobweb off a woman's body.

    24.coddling=to treat someone too kindly or protect them too much

   e.g. The warders' union has been denouncing the government for coddling prisoners.

    25.coil=noise or fuss or disturbance

   e.g. The heated gas is piped through a coil surrounded by water.

NEW KNOWLEDGE

     1.virtual=>almost real but not real

   e.g. Argentina came to a virtual standstill while the game was being played.

     2.to act and to love=敦愛篤行(by Longfellow-A Psalm of Life)& paul Revere's Ride

     3.Learn to labor and to wait

     4.the Immortals眾神(希臘)

   e.g. He called Moore "one of the immortals of soccer".

     5. we are only flesh and blood,we are mortal and our time is limited.

     6.五段論證法:What is that?What is that for?What should we care?

     7.Tutami Learning:SAT(學術性向測驗) Reading Sample

     8.attitude,altitude,aptitude

   e.g. Beauty is an attitude. It has nothing to do with age.

     9.Virtual Reality:A Powerful Tool 

   e.g. This device helps make virtual reality a more usable and accessible technology.

生字筆記

     1.Bow Street runner=the first British police force,set up by the author Henry Fielding in the eighteenth century   

     2.brawn=a dish of meat which is set in jelly

   e.g. He's got plenty of brains as well as brawn.

     3.bray=when an donkey brays,it makes a loud,harsh sound

   e.g. She cut him off with a wild bray of laughter.

     4.break=in order to train a horse you first have to break it

   e.g.  It was feared they could break the Allies' codes.

     5.bullyragging=an old word which means bullying.To bullyrag someone is to threaten or force someone to do something

     6.by hand=a common expression of the time meaningthat the baby had been fed either using a spoon or a bottle rather than by breast-feeding 

  e.g. Many institutions exchange information by hand because of incompatible computer systems.

     7.bye-spots=lonely places

     8.calico=is  plain white fabric made from cotton

   e.g. The colonists bartered calico for Indian land.

     9.camp-fever=another word for the disease typhus 

    10.cant=insincere or empty talk

   e.g. There has been a great deal of politician's cant.

    11.canty=lively,full of live

   e.g. My mother lived till eighty, a canty dame to the last.

    12.canvas=to discuss

   e.g.  She sat down cautiously on the red canvas cushions, knees modestly together.

    13.capital=excellent or extremely good

   e.g. There are reports of widespread dis-content in the capital.

    14.capstan=device used on a ship to lift sails and anchors

   e.g. Sailors hove up the cable with windlass or capstan.

    15.case-bottle=a square bottle designed to fit with others into a case

    16.casement=a word meaning window.the teacher in Nicholas Nickleby misspells window showing what a bad teacher he is

   e.g. A casement is a window that opens by means of hinges at the side.

    17.cauldron=a large cooking pot made of metal

   e.g. The stadium was a seething cauldron of emotion.

    18.cephalic=to do with the head

   e.g. The cephalic veins are sometimes difficult to isolate.

    19.chaise and four=a closed four-wheel carriage pulled by four horses

    20.chamberlain=the mainservant in a household

   e.g.  Chamberlain scored 50 or more points four times in the season.

    21.characters=distinguishing marks

   e.g. He reported that two suspicious-looking characters had approached Callendar.

    22.chary=cautious

   e.g. I am rather chary of making too many idiotic mistakes.

    23.cherishes=here cherishes means cheers or brightens

   e.g. The army cherishes the people and the people support the army.

    24.chickens' meat=it is an old term which means chickens' feed or food

    25.chimeras=an unrealistic idea or a wish which is unlikely to fullfilled

   e.g.  He was more interested in states of mind than in " puerile superstitions, Gothic castles, and chimeras. "

 Oral presentence=>Unit 11 Biology:The science of life

new root:

1.ac=take it for granted(acknowledgement,accept)

   e.g. He would have to accept it; there was no other way.

2.con=associate with the meaning(contents)

   e.g. Empty the contents of the pan into the sieve.

3.vir=true or truth(virtual,Virgil,could you verify this wallet is yours?/could you provide the verification of your credit hours you've taken at Cambridge?)  

   e.g. All charges against her are dropped pending the verification of her story.

4.se=apart from(select,sequence,seclusion)

   e.g. Only the opening sequence could claim to be genuinely innovatory.

new knowledge:

1.你太超過了You've gone too far<=>You're too over(Chinese English)  

2.Motto=校訓,四字校訓:four pilars of Motto

   e.g. Our motto is "Plan for the worst and hope for the best".

3.run for one's life逃命

   e.g. The occipital chakra directs the dream and dream weaving for one's life dance and ascension thereafter.

4.roll call點名

   e.g.  Roll-call will be at 7 a.m.

生字筆記

1.bait=to bait means tostop on a journey to take refreshment

   e.g. Television programmes are essentially bait to attract an audience for advertisements.

2.balustrade=a row of vertical columns that form railings

   e.g. She leaned over the balustrade and shouted to the man downstairs.

3.bandbox=a large lightweight box for carrying bonnets or hats

   e.g. In spite of the long trip, Jody arrived looking as if she had come out of a bandbox.

4.barren=a barren here is a stretchbor expanse of barren land

   e.g. He prayed that his barren wife would one day have a child.

5.basin=a cup without a handle

   e.g. When he had finished washing he began to wipe the basin clean.

6.battalia=the order of battle

   e.g. "Don't try to psych out the test," says Jo Bennett, a partner at Battalia Winston, an executive recruiting firm in New York.

7.battery=a battery is a fort or a place where guns are positioned

   e.g. The battery in my car gave up the ghost.

8.battledore and shuttlecock=it was an early version of the game now known as badminton.The aim of the early game was simply to keep the shuttlecock from hitting the ground 

   e.g. Dad: Cool, we can take the football, shuttlecock and badminton racket to the park.

9.beadle=a local official who had power over the poor

   e.g. Mr. Snagsby's suggestion is the practical suggestion after all, and the beadle must be called in.

10.bearings=the bearings of a place are the measurements or directions that are used to find or locate it

   e.g. An oil seal was replaced, along with both front wheel bearings.

11.beaufet=a sideboard

12.beck=a small sream

   e.g. No disrespect to John Beck, but the club has been happier since he left.

13.bedight=decorated

14.Bedlam=a lunatic asylum in London which had statues carved by Caius Gabriel Cibber at its entrance

   e.g. It was bedlam at our house on the morning of the wedding.

15.beeves=oxen or castrated bulls which are animals used for pulling vehicles or carrying things

   e.g. YuanZhi has a breeding base for 2000 priority beeves annually.

16.begot=created or caused

   e.g. He begot three children.

17.behoof=behoof means benefit

   e.g. The money was spent for his own behoof.

18.berth=a bed on a boat

   e.g. Goldring booked a berth on the first boat he could.

19.bevers=a snack,or small portion of food,eaten between main meals

20.bilge water=the bilge is the widest part of a ship's bottom,and the bilge water is the dirty water that collects there

   e.g. Shipbuilding: bilge water, waste oil, all kinds of fresh fuel.

21.bills=an old term meaning prescription.A prescription is the piece of paper on which your doctor writes an order for medicine and which you give to a chemist to get the medicine

   e.g. Hampton had been given the bills for safekeeping by a business partner.

22.black cap=a judge wrote a black cap when he was about to sentence a prisoner to death

   e.g. He wore a black cap with the peak pulled down low over his eyes.

23.black gentleman=this was another word for the devil

   e.g. Then a gentleman in black came forward.

24.boot-jack=a wooden device to help take boots off

   e.g.  I a boot - jack and a brush that I never used.

25.booty=treasure or prizes

   e.g. I a boot - jack and a brush that I never used.

 羅馬數字

逢4,9時寫左邊,其他寫在右邊

EX:2013=MMXIII,2014=MMXXIV

 Three steps to learn in the article:

      what is that?what is that for?what should we care?

 報告事項說明

     1.members(5-9 people)

     2.Unit theme

     3.connection(main idea of each chapter and how they get together)

     4.hypothesis overview

     5.Etymology詞源學

     6.Idioms成語

     7.extra information(location,target word,line and page,the meaning of the target)

     8.Thanks for listening

     9.all in English,>20minute

生字筆記

1.admiration=amazement or wonder

   e.g. She is full of admiration for the head and teachers. 

2.afeard=afraid

   e.g. Afeard!'Tain't likely. Will you meow?

3.affected=followed

   e.g. His reason had been permanently affected by what he had witnessed.

4.agrounwhen a boatruns around, it touches the ground in a shallow part ofthe water and get stuck

5.ague=a fever in which the patient has alternate hot and cold shivering fits

   e.g. Cried Jabez Stone , in an ague of fear.

6.alchemy=false or worthless

   e.g. Religion had an intimate association with alchemy during the Middle Ages.

7.all alike=the same all the time

   e.g. It's wrong to stereotype people, as if they were all alike.

8.alow and aloft=on the top and in the bottom or throughtout

   e.g. He was suddenly jerked off his feet and borne aloft.

9.ambuscade=埋伏

   e.g. They prepared an ambuscade for the Romans.

10.amiable=likeable or pleasant

   e.g. Do you really want to go or are you merely being amiable?

11.amulet護身符，驅邪符=a charm thought to drive away evil spirits

   e.g.  He brought forth a small gold amulet from beneath his robe.

12.amusement=a strange and disturbing puzzle

   e.g. He stopped and watched with amusement to see the child so absorbed.

13.ancient=an ancient was the flag displayed on a ship to show which country it belongs to

   e.g. The journey ends in the ancient city of Marrakesh.

14.antic=horrible or grotesque(怪誕

   e.g. I call him an antic old man.

15.antics=an old word meaning clowns,or people who do silly things to make other people laugh

   e.g. Their antics never fail to amuse.

16.appanage=an appanage is a living allowance(免稅額

17.appended=attached or added to

   e.g. Violet appended a note at the end of the letter.

18.approver=someone who gives evidence against someone he used to work with

   e.g. The specified number exceeds the approver's count at this step.

19.artificially=artfully or cleverly

   e.g. The gadget is used to artificially inseminate cows.

20.assizes=regular court sessions which a visiting judge was in charge of

   e.g. The next day, Monday, was the first sitting of the assizes.

21.attraction=gravitation,or Newton's theory of gravitation

   e.g. The major box office attraction was, of course, the inimitable Peter Hunningale.

22.aver=claim something strongly

   e.g. To aver is to allege in a pleading.

23.bagatelle=a game rather like billiards and pool

   e.g. It cost a mere bagatelle.

24.bah=an exclamation of frustration or anger

   e.g. Christmas? Bah! Humbug!

25.bairn=a northen world for child

   e.g. He's a lovely bairn.

五段論證法

• What is that?
• What is that for?
• What should we care?

新知識

１．James the king first欽定版第一本聖經

２．Hadrin wall哈德良長城(蘇格蘭&英格蘭交界)

３．Noah Websten(維式百科)

４．Ccltic=>Latin=>1006年征服者威廉=>Anglo-Saxon

５．Augustus=>August，was the founder of the Roman Empire and its first Emperor

單字擴充

1.hypothesishypo(under)<=>hyper(above)

2.hypodermic皮下注射

   e.g. He held up a hypodermic to check the dosage.

3.dermotology皮膚學

4.autogamy自體授粉

　e.g. Autogamy Self - fertilization in plants.